As a lifelong waterfowl hunter and outdoor writer, I’ve spent countless hours in blinds and fields, testing and evaluating ammunition. The shift to herters steel shot and other non-toxic alternatives has been a significant one, driven by the need to protect our wetlands and waterfowl populations. This review will cover my experiences with herters steel shot, alongside comparisons to other popular options like Rogers, Kent, Rio, and considerations for 2 3/4 waterfowl loads. We’ll explore performance, value, and what to look for when choosing non toxic shot for reloading or buying factory loads. Understanding these options is crucial for ethical and successful waterfowl hunting.
The Rise of Non-Toxic Shot: Why Steel and Beyond?
For decades, lead shot was the standard for waterfowl hunting. However, the devastating effects of lead poisoning on waterfowl – particularly when birds ingest spent shot while foraging – led to a nationwide ban on lead shot for waterfowl hunting in 1991 (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). This prompted a rapid transition to non-toxic alternatives, with steel being the most readily available and affordable. But steel isn’t the only game in town. Today, hunters have choices including bismuth, tungsten, and various steel alloys, each with its own advantages and disadvantages.
Understanding Steel Shot Limitations
Steel shot, while effective, has some inherent limitations compared to lead. It’s harder and less dense, meaning it loses velocity more quickly and has less kinetic energy at longer ranges. This translates to a shorter effective range and a tighter pattern is crucial. Proper choke selection is paramount when using steel shot, and I’ll discuss that further down. The herters steel shot offerings, like many steel loads, require careful consideration of these factors.
Herter's Steel Shot: Performance and Value
Herter's has a long history in the outdoor industry, and their steel shot ammunition is generally positioned as a budget-friendly option. I’ve tested several loads from their lineup, primarily in 12 gauge, and here’s what I’ve found. The herters waterfowl ammo is often available in common sizes like #2, #3, and #4, covering a range of waterfowl species.
Patterning: Patterning is essential with any steel load. I’ve found Herter’s steel to pattern reasonably well, but it’s not consistently as tight as some of the premium brands. I’ve achieved acceptable patterns at 30-40 yards with modified and improved cylinder chokes, but beyond that, the patterns open up significantly. (NSSF - Shotgun Chokes Explained)
Range: The effective range of Herter’s steel shot is similar to other standard steel loads – generally considered to be out to about 40 yards. Beyond that, the shot loses too much energy to reliably bring down birds.
Value: This is where Herter’s really shines. It’s consistently one of the most affordable steel shot options on the market. For hunters on a budget, or those who do a lot of volume shooting, it’s a viable choice. However, remember that cheaper ammunition isn’t a bargain if it results in missed birds.
Comparing Herter's to the Competition: Rogers, Kent, and Rio
Let's see how herters steel shot stacks up against some other popular non-toxic options.
Rogers Ammo 12 Gauge: A Step Up in Performance
Rogers Ammo 12 gauge loads are often considered a step up in performance from Herter’s. They utilize higher-quality steel shot and often feature tighter patterns. I’ve found Rogers to be particularly effective on larger ducks and geese. The price point is higher than Herter’s, but the improved performance can be worth the investment for serious waterfowl hunters. They also offer a wider variety of shot sizes and load combinations.
Kent Bismuth Waterfowl: The Premium Option
Kent bismuth waterfowl ammunition represents the premium end of the non-toxic spectrum. Bismuth is significantly denser than steel, resulting in patterns that are closer to lead and a longer effective range. It also causes less wear and tear on shotgun barrels. However, bismuth is considerably more expensive than steel. If you’re willing to pay the premium, Kent bismuth offers exceptional performance, especially for longer shots and tough birds. I’ve used it successfully on late-season geese at ranges exceeding 50 yards.
Rio Steel Shot: A Reliable Mid-Range Choice
Rio steel shot offers a good balance of performance and price. It’s generally more consistent in patterning than Herter’s, and the shot quality is typically higher. Rio is a solid choice for hunters who want a reliable steel load without breaking the bank. They offer a wide range of loads, including options specifically designed for different waterfowl species.
| Brand | Price (approx. per box of 25) | Patterning | Range (approx.) | Overall Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Herter's Steel | $30-40 | Fair | 30-40 yards | Excellent (budget-friendly) |
| Rogers Ammo 12 Gauge | $45-55 | Good | 40-45 yards | Good |
| Kent Bismuth | $80-100+ | Excellent | 50+ yards | Fair (expensive) |
| Rio Steel Shot | $40-50 | Good | 35-40 yards | Good |
Choke Selection for Steel Shot: A Critical Factor
As I mentioned earlier, proper choke selection is crucial when using steel shot. Steel shot requires a more open choke than lead shot to achieve optimal patterns. Here’s a general guideline:
- Improved Cylinder: Excellent for close-range shooting (under 30 yards).
- Modified: A versatile choke for medium-range shooting (30-40 yards).
- Improved Modified: Good for longer-range shooting (40-50 yards), but patterns can be sparse.
Never use Full or Extra Full chokes with steel shot, as this can damage your barrel. (Remington Steel Shot Choke Guide) I recommend patterning your shotgun with different chokes and loads to determine the best combination for your gun and hunting style.
Non Toxic Shot for Reloading: A DIY Option
For experienced reloaders, creating your own non toxic shot for reloading can be a cost-effective way to obtain non-toxic ammunition. Steel shot is readily available in various sizes, and reloading components are generally less expensive than factory loads. However, reloading requires specialized equipment, knowledge, and a commitment to safety. Always consult reputable reloading manuals and follow all safety precautions. (Hodgdon Reloading Data)
Choosing the Right 2 3/4 Waterfowl Loads
The 2 3/4 waterfowl loads are the most common shell length for waterfowl hunting. Within this length, you’ll find a wide range of shot sizes and payloads. Here’s a quick guide:
- #2 Steel: Good for larger ducks and geese.
- #3 Steel: Versatile for ducks and geese.
- #4 Steel: Effective on smaller ducks and close-range shooting.
Consider the species you’re hunting, the typical shooting distances, and your personal preference when selecting a shot size. Heavier payloads (e.g., 1 1/2 oz or 1 3/4 oz) can provide more energy downrange, but they also increase recoil.
Final Thoughts on Herter's and Non-Toxic Waterfowl Ammunition
The world of non-toxic waterfowl ammunition can be overwhelming, but understanding the options is key to ethical and successful hunting. While herters steel shot offers a budget-friendly entry point, it’s important to be realistic about its limitations. Investing in higher-quality ammunition like Rogers or Kent bismuth can significantly improve your performance, especially at longer ranges. Regardless of your choice, remember to pattern your shotgun, select the appropriate choke, and practice safe shooting habits. By making informed decisions, we can all contribute to the conservation of our precious waterfowl resources. For more information on ethical hunting practices, check out the resources provided by Leave No Trace and the USDA Forest Service. And if you're planning a waterfowl hunting trip, be sure to review my guide to Waterfowl Hunting Trip Planning.